diff --git a/test/application/index.js b/test/application/index.js
index 9fa23b291..51d76ba40 100644
--- a/test/application/index.js
+++ b/test/application/index.js
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ describe('app', () => {
       done();
     });
 
-    request(app.listen())
+    request(app.callback())
       .get('/')
       .end(() => {});
   });
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ describe('app', () => {
     // hackish, but the response should occur in a single tick
     setImmediate(done);
 
-    request(app.listen())
+    request(app.callback())
       .get('/')
       .end(() => {});
   });
diff --git a/test/application/respond.js b/test/application/respond.js
index 66021148d..65b375182 100644
--- a/test/application/respond.js
+++ b/test/application/respond.js
@@ -639,7 +639,7 @@ describe('app.respond', () => {
         done();
       });
 
-      request(app.listen())
+      request(app.callback())
         .get('/')
         .end(() => {});
     });
@@ -655,7 +655,7 @@ describe('app.respond', () => {
           throw err;
         });
 
-        return request(app.listen())
+        return request(app.callback())
           .get('/')
           .expect(403, 'sorry!');
       });
@@ -671,7 +671,7 @@ describe('app.respond', () => {
           throw err;
         });
 
-        return request(app.listen())
+        return request(app.callback())
           .get('/')
           .expect(403, 'Forbidden');
       });
diff --git a/test/application/use.js b/test/application/use.js
index 0f32c7a61..4d544b7b8 100644
--- a/test/application/use.js
+++ b/test/application/use.js
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ describe('app.use(fn)', () => {
 
     app.use(ctx => ctx.throw('Not Found', 404));
 
-    return request(app.listen())
+    return request(app.callback())
       .get('/')
       .expect(404);
   });
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ describe('app.use(fn)', () => {
     app.use((ctx, next) => next());
     app.use(function * (next){ this.body = 'generator'; });
 
-    return request(app.listen())
+    return request(app.callback())
       .get('/')
       .expect(200)
       .expect('generator');
diff --git a/test/context/cookies.js b/test/context/cookies.js
index 31bf0f1e8..c6daf53ff 100644
--- a/test/context/cookies.js
+++ b/test/context/cookies.js
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ describe('ctx.cookies.set()', () => {
           }
         });
 
-        return request(app.listen())
+        return request(app.callback())
           .get('/')
           .expect('.keys required for signed cookies');
       });
diff --git a/test/context/onerror.js b/test/context/onerror.js
index e43331b3d..87f75565f 100644
--- a/test/context/onerror.js
+++ b/test/context/onerror.js
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ describe('ctx.onerror(err)', () => {
       ctx.body = 'response';
     });
 
-    request(app.listen())
+    request(app.callback())
       .get('/')
       .expect('X-Foo', 'Bar')
       .expect(200, () => {});
diff --git a/test/response/attachment.js b/test/response/attachment.js
index 41f4eee11..5e0f732a9 100644
--- a/test/response/attachment.js
+++ b/test/response/attachment.js
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ describe('ctx.attachment([filename])', () => {
         ctx.body = {foo: 'bar'};
       });
 
-      return request(app.listen())
+      return request(app.callback())
         .get('/')
         .expect('content-disposition', 'attachment; filename="include-no-ascii-char-???-ok.json"; filename*=UTF-8\'\'include-no-ascii-char-%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E5%90%8D-ok.json')
         .expect({foo: 'bar'})
diff --git a/test/response/header.js b/test/response/header.js
index dabbd8784..b78c40520 100644
--- a/test/response/header.js
+++ b/test/response/header.js
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ describe('res.header', () => {
       header = Object.assign({}, ctx.response.header);
     });
 
-    await request(app.listen())
+    await request(app.callback())
       .get('/');
 
     assert.deepEqual(header, { 'x-foo': '42' });
diff --git a/test/response/status.js b/test/response/status.js
index d2e7884c7..6b7eb0791 100644
--- a/test/response/status.js
+++ b/test/response/status.js
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ describe('res.status=', () => {
         assert(null == ctx.response.header['transfer-encoding']);
       });
 
-      const res = await request(app.listen())
+      const res = await request(app.callback())
         .get('/')
         .expect(status);
 
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ describe('res.status=', () => {
         ctx.set('Transfer-Encoding', 'chunked');
       });
 
-      const res = await request(app.listen())
+      const res = await request(app.callback())
         .get('/')
         .expect(status);